What material is often used in a direct pulp cap to help healing?

Calcium hydroxide is frequently used in direct pulp capping procedures because of its significant biological properties that promote healing. When placed over a pulpal exposure, calcium hydroxide serves to stimulate the formation of tertiary dentin, which protects the pulp and enhances the healing process. It has a high pH, which creates an alkaline environment that is conducive to the regeneration of dental pulp tissue. Furthermore, calcium hydroxide has the ability to provide antimicrobial effects, reducing the risk of infection at the site of exposure. Its capacity to encourage remineralization is a key aspect of why it is preferred in these scenarios.

While glass ionomer cement is often used in various dental applications due to its adhesive properties and fluoride-releasing capability, it is not as specifically targeted towards healing and pulp protection as calcium hydroxide. Composite resin and amalgam, although useful for restorative purposes, do not possess the same properties that drive pulp healing and are not typically used in direct pulp caps. This differentiation highlights the suitability of calcium hydroxide in this particular context.