What is the main component used in air polishing?

The main component used in air polishing is sodium bicarbonate, often delivered in a water solution. This substance acts as an abrasive agent that effectively removes plaque, stains, and other debris from the surfaces of teeth. Sodium bicarbonate is chosen for air polishing because it is gentle enough not to damage tooth enamel while still being effective at cleaning.

In addition, the use of sodium bicarbonate provides a pleasant taste and is less irritating to soft tissues compared to other compounds. The combination of sodium bicarbonate with air and water in the air polishing device creates a fine spray that targets teeth precisely, enhancing efficiency and patient comfort during dental hygiene procedures.

The other options, while potentially related to dental procedures, do not serve the same purpose as sodium bicarbonate in air polishing. Calcium carbonate is used in some polishing pastes but is usually not delivered via air polishing. Fluoride solutions are primarily used for preventive treatments to strengthen enamel and reduce cavities rather than cleaning. Saline solutions are used in various medical contexts, such as rinsing or hydrating tissues, but they do not have the abrasive qualities needed for effective stain removal in air polishing.