What is the composition of calculus that adheres to the tooth surface?

Calculus, often referred to as tartar, forms as a hardened deposit on the tooth surface through the mineralization of dental plaque. The primary components of calculus include calcium and phosphorus salts, which are minerals sourced from saliva. These salts precipitate and crystallize, creating a calcified mass that can adhere strongly to both the teeth and the gum line.

The presence of these minerals is significant as it underscores the ongoing biological process that occurs in the oral environment, wherein plaque, composed largely of bacteria, can lead to the formation of calculus if not adequately removed through proper oral hygiene practices. The calcification involves a complex relationship between plaque and these inorganic minerals, which ultimately results in the hard, rough surface associated with calculus.

Understanding the composition of calculus is crucial for dental professionals in educating patients about the importance of regular dental cleanings and effective oral hygiene to prevent its formation and the subsequent risk of periodontal disease.